This interview took place on the afternoon of Saturday, October 27, 2001 in Paul Swann's home. I had interviewed my uncle before and from that experience I was hoping he would not "freeze up" on camera. This turned out to be one of the most enjoyable conversations I've had with him and I'm glad I have it on tape. This interview was also edited for content. In this case some of Paul's comments that were not relevant to the project were deleted.
Driving an Engine Home from Nashville — Part 1
Joe: Well, like I was saying, I did want you to repeat two stories you had told me before [starting the camera]. Uh, and one story is a favorite of mine, is when you brought that steam engine home from Nashville.
Paul: (Chuckles.) Well, it was the last engine that the Case people made and I don't know what date it was. Well, it was nineteen and thirty-seven [1937] when we brought it home. I don't know when it was made but anyway they shipped it to Nashville on a barge, unloaded it down there at that old wharf building on the end of Broad.
Me and Tarver [Durrett] went over there and pulled it out of that building with the truck and pulled it up to First Street there behind the J. I. Case building on First Street and built a fire in it, put water in it, built a fire in it and greased it and got it ready to come home and…. Come up, (laughs) coming up First Street I got the front wheels in the street car track and couldn't get it out. I had to go get two iron wedges to pull up on there to get it out and I finally got it out.
Come on across the Woodland Street Bridge. Come on to Goodlettsville the first night, and we left it in Goodlettsville. Four miles an hour was as fast as it would go and we got, well, it took me two days to bring it home from Nashville.
And I started steaming plant beds though when I come off of 31-W and steamed plant beds all the way home. And so, that's about all I know about it and that was nineteen and thirty-seven [1937].
Steaming Plant Beds
Joe: I want you to pretend that I don't know anything about tobacco or steaming plant beds. Now I want you to describe why you would need to steam plant beds and how you did it.
Paul: Well, it sterilizes the ground. It kills all the weed seeds. And um, a pan was made, square, twelve yard pan [12 yd2 or 10 m2]. And we'd break the ground up and put the pan down on it and hoe the dirt up around the pan and put the steam line under there. Well, I did use a half an inch [1.3 cm] steam line. And I always did try to keep a hundred and fifty pounds [150 psi or 1 MPa] of steam on the engine. And they'd let it steam 30 minutes. Two sets an hour. And that would kill the weed seeds.
And, then I went to a three quarter inch [2 cm] line. See how that would do. And I'd steam three sets an hour at a hundred and fifty pounds of steam. But it was that much more work to do. You had to keep the engine hot you know.
And so you'd steam uh…it was eight sets that made a hundred yards [100 yd2 or 84 m2]. It was a twelve yard pan. And then when we got through with that see we'd dress it sown and sow the seeds in it, the tobacco seeds and put the canvas on it. And that's the way we raised our tobacco plants.
Joe: So that was just basically…you scalded the seeds to death. It didn't….
Paul: Yeah, it was sterilizing the ground. And it done a good job…it done a good job.
Other Methods for Preparing Plant Beds
Paul: But, um, they got the chemicals in… And a lot of times they cooked this dirt on a pan. They'd throw this…get this dirt and put it up on top of this pan and build a fire under it and cook it and then scatter the dirt.
Joe: Hmm. I guess they went at… Didn't they… I heard something about woods dirt before. Didn't they go out and get dirt out of the woods that just….
Paul: Yeah they've done that and then they'd pile brush piles and burn a spot and kill the seeds, you see, with brush. Burn plant beds. We've done that.
Joe: I guess you had a lot of good fertilizer with the ashes there too, didn't you?
Paul: Yeah, and it was a lot of hard work to it and all, and everything they did was hard work. And um, that's about all I know about a plant bed you just….
Of course, a lot of people didn't steam plant beds. They burnt brush, big piles of brush and a lot of them cooked it on a pan. And just any way to kill the seed off the plant bed. Now the woods dirt was good cause there's no seed in the woods dirt. And they'd take that and go out and dig that woods dirt up and put it on the plant bed and sow the seed. And that's about all I know about that.
The Trip to Mt. Vernon — Part 1
Joe: You know, another story I've always enjoyed and I'd like to hear you do again&emdash;the trip to Mt. Vernon….
Paul: About what?
Joe: The trip to Mt. Vernon.
Paul: Oh well (laughs), I just… That morning… That night I went to bed I wanted to go to Mt. Vernon and I don't know I just decided I would call my daddy [Caner Swann] that morning about two o' clock. I didn't care.
He got up and he said, "What are you calling me here at two o' clock for?"
I said, "I want to go to Mt. Vernon, Indiana, and I thought maybe you would want to go with me."
[Paul quoting his father] "Well what time you want to… When you want to go?"
I said, "Whenever you get ready to go."
So we went up there and while we was walking down the street there was some old man up there on top of the building [who] called [to] my daddy, "Pete. How's old Tobe?" And his mule was named "Tobe" and my daddy knew who it was. It was Pete Logan. He used to work for him. He used to go up there and work. He was an engine man.
And so we didn't have a thing in the world to buy or nothing. We just wanted to go up there. And the company carried us out to dinner. And before it was over with he bought an engine and a thresher. And it was that thresher down here they got now.
Keck-Gonnerman Company History
Joe: And that was the Keck-Gonnerman Company?
Paul: Yeah, it was the Keck-Gonnerman Company. And old man Bob Keck, he was the owner of it. Uh, Keck and Gonnerman, they were Germans. I met Mr. Keck but old man [William] Gonnerman, he was dead before I ever went up there.
And they started that thing as a blacksmith shop and wound up making engines. And then, after the engines played out, they went to making tractors, Keck-Gonnerman tractors and combines.
The Trip to Mt. Vernon — Part 2
Paul: Oh, I enjoyed going up there. And he bought that thresher and engine. And that thresher never did thresh over about three seasons here. Combines come out and we put it in the shed up there at my daddy's. So it's in good shape.
Joe: So, about what year was that?
Paul: I don't know. I remember what I was driving. I was driving a '55 Buick. I think it was along about that time. And uh, it uh…
Joe: Now you said…
Paul: …It was a single engine. Same single cylinder engine and I sold it and bought this double engine with it. Now that was the engine just before this one.
I wanted this double engine to saw with. It was a smoother power and I liked it and I always wanted one. And so….
Purchase of Kay-Gee 1875 from Dee Freeman
Joe: Well, tell me about buying that.
Paul: Dee Freeman said, "NO." he wouldn't sell it for nothing.
Me and him was awful good friends. And one night he called me. He says, "Well," says, "you the only one I'd sell that engine to for I know your going to keep it."
And so I gave him twelve hundred dollars ($1200.00) for it. And I told my daddy, I said, "If you'll go over there and pay for it I'll work it out steaming plant beds and pay for it."
And he said, "All right. If you'll do that."
I said, "Okay, I'll do it."
And so I'm proud of it. It's a good engine.
The History of Kay-Gee 1875
Paul: And it's never done anything. This engine never did do nothing.
Taylor Merrick was the salesman and it sit up there for several years, it was about seven or eight of them that was built on the last part, you know, along about that time.
He carried it out west and threshed about two seasons with it, threshing wheat. He brought it back home and sold it to Dee Freeman and Dee never did do nothing, only thresh his own wheat and steam his plant beds.
And I wanted it and he sold it to me and I still got it. And I'm proud of it. And that's the way that…that was the history of that engine.
But these other engines, I never knowed no too much about them that we bought. Now this one that Will Ed's got over here [Kay-Gee 1824], I got it from Lee Roy Lane. He was steaming plant beds over here at Orlinda and we went over there and bought it and I liked that engine mighty well. I threshed wheat with it.
The Sawmill
Joe: You said you bought this engine to do the sawmill. How did y'all get in the…
Paul: Say what?
Joe: You said you bought this engine to do the sawmill. How'd y'all get in the sawmill business?
Paul: Well, we've been in it a long, long time. We had, I don't know, it was just a…. We bought a sawmill from old man Jack Yates. And we'd just do our own sawing at home.
And then uh, Gill Moore, we got in with him some way or another. And we bought his mill and placed it up here at my daddy's and we started sawing and buying timber. And uh, I was sawing out shipping stuff and, I don't know, I got to sawing myself. And I learned it from Gill Moore.
And then we bought Gill Moore out. Then I done all the sawing then. And then we um, that's the reason we got into the sawmill business.
But, wound up we couldn't get no help to run it unless we run it all the time. We couldn't do that. But we just always had a bunch of logs up there that was cut from sawing. And it would come a rain, the ground would get wet, we'd go to the sawmill and saw 'til the ground get dry and go back to the farm. Always had a job.
Remembering People Who Ran Steam Engines
Joe: Now, when you started talking a minute ago about going up to Mt. Vernon and your dad seeing somebody that recognized him….
Paul: That was Pete Logan.
Joe: Now, you mentioned something about he used to go up there and work. Did he go up to…
Paul: Oh yeah, he was working up there then.
Joe: Your dad was or Pete Logan?
Paul: No, no, Pete Logan.
Joe: Okay, that was where I was confused.
Paul: He was on top of the building up there. He was working in the thresher part and he was up there fixing a leak in the roof and he happened to see my daddy down there walking and he just hollered down there and…. Daddy said, "Well, who in the world is that, could that be that knowed me up here?"
I said, "I didn't know your name was Pete." (Laughs.)
And so, Pete Logan, he was an engine man. He helped my daddy a lot with engines. And it was a lot of people that helped him. Old man Logde Hampton [spelling?], several people that liked engines you know.
My daddy never did operate an engine. Never seen him drive one in my life.
Joe: Hmmm.
Paul: Never seen him build a fire in one. But he liked it. And so….
Yeah, Pete Logan was a good… And them uh, Boyles, Willie Boyles and Dr. Dalton and Dr. Ruby, they were… They quit and went and made doctors out of their selves. They were good engine men too. That's uh, Willie Boyles' brothers.
I don't know. Been a long time ago.
Driving an Engine Home from Nashville — Part 2
Paul: But I never will forget driving that engine home. Two days. Four miles an hour.
Joe: That's a long trip.
Paul: Hmmm?
Joe: That's a long trip.
Paul: Yeah. Got to Goodlettsville the first night. (Laughs.) Come right across the Woodland Street Bridge. Come on down out from Dickerson Road. Up the winding ridge. Two days.
Paul's Boyhood on the Farm
Joe: What was it like as a boy seeing all these engines…?
Paul: Do what?
Joe: What was it like, when you were a boy, to you, to see these engines run and…?
Paul: Well gosh, my daddy put me on an engine threshing wheat when I was twelve years old.
Joe: Huh!
Paul: I was firing an engine when I was twelve years old&emdash;threshing wheat&emdash;driving tractors and doing anything on the farm.
Well, I just loved it…and I enjoyed it.
Threshing Wheat in Caner Swann's Day
Joe: Well, how did they thresh wheat when your dad was a boy?
Paul: They had engines.
You take Bonnie's [Paul's first wife] granddaddy, [R. L.] Bonnie Simmons, he run a… I've got a picture in there where he pulled one through Cross Plains, the engine and the thresher. But they didn't have no feeder on it, they had to feed it by hand. And…well, they've been threshing wheat like that a long time. And then somebody invented a feeder and put on it. They just kept adding to it.
They had to have somebody to cut the strings and then the fellow sit up there and feed it, put the straw in the…, go in the cylinder.
And before then I don't know how they threshed it. I guess they beat it out with a flail. I don't know. I don't know…
Joe: Well, he cut wheat with a cradle didn't he?
Paul: Hm?
Joe: When he was a boy, did he cut wheat with a cradle?
Paul: Naw, but my granddaddy did. That was before the binder days.
I never did s…well, I wasn't living along about them days but now, the binders is about as far back as I know of.
Cutting Wheat for the Threshing Show
Paul: Now you seen them cut wheat down here last…for the Threshing Show, you know. Now that's the old way of cutting wheat.
I didn't think the thing would even tie the first bundle but it did.
Joe: It did a beautiful job.
Paul: It done a wonderful job. And that fellow that was running that, rode that binder knowed what he was doing.
Joe: Um-hum. That was John Ford I think.
Paul: Yeah, he's a good man. Now, he's uh…he's got a mechanical head on him. Good fellow.
And I was surprised at it tying that first bundle but it did. It clicked it out the first time.
Cutting Wheat with a Binder
Paul: I've rode… I've cut a lot of wheat in my lifetime.
We'd get out here and cut wheat all over the country here, about three hundred acres, maybe four [hundred acres or 120-160 Ha], for $2.00 a acre. (Laughs.)
Joe: How many acres would you get in a day?
Paul: Well, we had a ten foot cut binder on the last, we'd cut 30 acres a day. Ten foot [3 m] cut. But now as a rule binders was about six and seven [feet or 1.8-2.1 m]. That binder down yonder was about a seven foot cut.
But we had a… That last binder we had was a ten foot cut and we could cut twenty-five or thirty acres [10-12 Ha] a day&emdash;not have any troubles.
Joe: And that was working how many hours in a day?
Paul: Aw, well, we'd get started around nine-thirty (9:30), ten o' clock (10:00), till the dew get off and work till dark. And we didn't want to cut it when the dew was on it cause…
Well, it would take about nine o' clock (9:00) before we ever got started anyway because we had to grease it and get everything ready to start with and get everything going. And we cut a lot of wheat, sure did.
Joe: Now, I guess they had a crew of people coming behind you to shock it didn't they?
Paul: Oh yeah, they shocked it. They had three or four going around that a way and three or four going around this a way. They was shocking the wheat.
Crew Required to Thresh Wheat
Paul: And um, we always pulled the thresher out at the 20th of June. That was his date that he always started threshing wheat. That was Joe Caner's birthday.
I've enjoyed every bit of it but it's a lot of hard work to it but…yeah, I've been firing an engine a long time.
Joe: Well, when he got the engine out, about how many people would it take to thresh a crop of wheat?
Paul: You mean to run an outfit?
Joe: The whole thing.
Paul: Well, it would take about twenty-five or thirty wagons. And they always had about two at the thresher and one to fire the engine and one to haul water. It was about four went with the thresher, and the rig.
Threshing Clubs
Paul: But now, they threshed in clubs. And each club would have about twenty-five, not less than twenty-five wagons. That was twenty-five farms. Each farm would have a wagon, you see.
And they go through that club, there'd be another club ready, waiting for you to start on another club, you see. Like there was about twenty-five farmers get together here and be in just one club they called it. Get through with that they'd go on to the next club. Wouldn't have the same ones all the time.
We threshed…threshed every crop of wheat from Cross Plains to Springfield one year. Wound up down there at the lake. Down there at the park. Where that old silo is down there, where they….
Joe: Yeah.
Paul: That's where I threshed the last straw stack and pulled it in and drove it home. We was out about three weeks that year. Threshed a lot of wheat.
Output of the Separator
Joe: How many…how many bushels could you do in a good day?
Paul: We'd run about a thousand bushel [35 m3] a day. Dime a bushel. And that had to be a good day to get a thousand bushels.
Sacking the Grain
Paul: We used to didn't have no weigher on the machine. You had to use…measure it with bushel baskets. It would slip by, click down and it kept a count of it down there at the bottom, you know, and fill it and go by and pour it over in the sack. Didn't have no sacker. (Laughs.)
Joe: So, you didn't sell it loose like they do nowadays. It had to be bagged up.
Paul: Yeah.
Engine Fuel During Wheat Threshing
Paul: And a lot of places here back a long time ago they furnished the fuel for the engine. And a lot of times they'd just put poles out there and you'd have to chop up the wood to fire the engine. (Laughs.)
Joe: That would work you to death.
Paul: That's right too. Wasn't no end to it.
Engine Fuel at the Sawmill
Paul: And at the sawmill we used slabs to fire the engine at the mill. We had to chop them in two and split it up to put it into the engine to fire it to pull the saw. We never did use coal at the sawmill, used slabs.
I rigged up a cut off saw behind the engine that come off the fly wheel there. Put another pulley on it and pulled the saw and all he had to do was cut his wood and get ready to put it in the engine.
Made a elevator and what wood that you didn't use at the engine you'd saw it up in stove length and it would pile it up out on the outside. I made that out of lumber.
Joe: So, you didn't have to chop your own stove wood.
Paul: Naw.
Memories of Old Days
Paul: Yeah, them… They say a lot of it was good old days but it was hard work. But uh, nobody look like minded. We just… Now they have air conditioned combines and eighteen wheelers to haul it off with.
Joe: Well, you know, I think one thing that you had back then, especially when you had all that many people, y'all probably had a good time cutting up with each other as you worked.
Paul: We run about…on both places, Uncle Will and my daddy worked together and they had about twelve or fifteen hands all the time&emdash;at least ten or twelve…ten or twelve…. And we always had something to do all the time.
Joe: Did you ever pull any jokes on anybody?
Paul: Oh yeah. Done a lot of things. Lot of things we shouldn't have done, I guess, but anyway… (Laughs) Yeah, a lot of things was done but uh…. Not like you d…. Well, they don't cut up…. We didn't have…. Well, well, we had a big time doing things but they don't have no…nothing to do with now. We used to play horseshoes and um, meet at the store and play checkers and now you ain't got nowhere to loaf or nowhere to sit around and do nothing.
We used to go up here to the store, Dick Osborne's, and we'd play Pitch and play checkers on nights, you know, when it was bad and nothing to do.
And out here I'd build a fire in my shop, you know. And one morning I come back to the house to eat breakfast. Bonnie says, "Well, what's going on out there at that shop?"
I said, "Well, I don't know what you're talking about."
And [she] said, "Well, there's seven pickups out there."
I said, "Well, we're all out there whittling and I build a fire for them. They all of them comes around. They ain't got nothing to do at home. It's raining. And we sit out there and talk and have a big time playing checkers or playing pitch or something like that." And all of them are dead and gone [now].
Nowhere to loaf. You can go to Cross Plains there ain't nowhere to… Might sit out in front of the drug store a few minutes but that's it. Nothing to do.
Joe: Yeah.
Paul: Used to, young people used to have lawn parties. Enjoyed it. They don't do that no more. They don't do that no more….
Meals During Wheat Threshing
Joe: What about meals? Did…how'd you….
Paul: Oh, we had good meals. The ah, the women folks would all get together and different places where we would eat. And they'd uh, get together, the ones in the club you know. And where different places we'd eat they all, the women folks would get together and feed the thresher crew. Not the ones that hauling the wheat but the ones that run the thresher and the…. And we had some wonderful meals.
And um…one day…found out…I had to eat at a…a Black place. And um…Tarver didn't want to go. He didn't…he said he didn't want…. And that was the finest table you ever eat. They had a white linen cloth on the table. And everything was fixed. Everything was as nice as it could be. And you eat what you want. And that was it. It was fine. It was a good meal.
I've eat I guess at more different places than anybody in the world. Steaming plant beds the same way. They'd…I'd eat at the place and they'd bring my dinner to me or whatever it might be.
Operating a Steam Engine
Joe: You know, you were saying a few minutes ago before I set this [the camera] up… We were talking about the engine that blew up in Ohio this year (Medina, Ohio. July 29, 2001). What um, when you're running an engine…
Paul: Hmm?
Joe: When you're running an engine, what kinds of things do you have to keep in mind? What are you looking for? What does it take to run an engine safely?
Paul: Well, mostly you want to keep your water level at the same place most of the time. When it gets down below, oh say, a half inch above the bottom [of the glass] you better be a puttin' water in it. And you don't let it get out of the glass at all! NEVER! Cause when it does that, that's down below the crown sheet.
And I always run, when I was working, I always kept about a half a glass of water. But if you put too much water in it, it would pull over and the water would go in the cylinders. You've got to watch that. You've got to do a lot of watching. You've got to keep up. You've got a lot of things to do.
And you want to keep your steam up to about a hundred and fifty pounds [150 psi or 1 MPa]] of steam all the time. And I generally run about a hundred and eighty pounds [80 psi or 1.2 MPa] on my boiler but I never did let it get under a hundred and fifty. Hundred and fifty about the top place for pressure to do anything with the engine.
And after it gets down below that you can't pump your water. You'd be…steam be too low or either…. And if you get it up too high, same way. You've got to have a low pressure injector and a high pressure injector. Then you can take care of both of them you see.
And a lot of time you have a crosshead pump that pumps water in it all the time when it's running. And it, when it pumps that water, it goes through a tube in the smoke box and it heats the water up before it goes into the boiler.
Now on a double engine… I never seen a pump on double engine, they always on a single engine. It worked under the cylinder. A pump. And it pumped water in the boiler all the time. And it went through, they called a heater, and heated the water through the smoke stack. And it didn't have cold water when it went into the boiler. Independent pump. It pumped itself. And a lot of times you didn't have to use your injector because that crosshead pump would keep it pumped to a level. You could adjust it where it will would keep your water level all the time, at the same level all the time. Let so much in, you know, no more than what your using.
And uh, you just have to watch things pretty close about an engine. Yep, you sure have to watch it.
Charlie [Bumpus], I think he's about as good a boy as I ever tried to learn on a engine. That married Mary. He got a hold of it pretty quick and he's pretty watchful and he takes care of that engine. You seen him do it this summer.
Joe: Um-hm.
Paul: And he does a good job.
Other words, the first thing you've got to have in your mind is you like it. And, you've got to like your work. And I enjoyed fooling with engines, tractors. I've enjoyed farming. Sure did. It's the reason I'm still sitting here.
Joe: (Laughs.)
Paul: I love this old farm.
Operating a Separator
Joe: What about uh, the separator? What kinds of things are you looking for on the separator if you're keeping an eye on it? You said uh, who was it you said…?
Paul: Well, you had a…. A lot of things in the separator. You've got to keep a certain RPM. And you've got to keep your concaves on the conditions of the wheat where you adjust your concaves up and down, you know, to check the grain that goes through it to keep it from going…blowing over in the smoke…in the hay stack. You don't want that. You have to….
And if a lot of times it's got these little old white caps that the cylinder don't get out and it goes back and hit that cyclone fan, it throws it in the straw stack. You got to watch that. And you open your sieves where it'll take care of that, them things, and it elevates it and goes back, and goes back through the cylinder, you see, and rethreshes it and keeps it from going back to the…blowing it over.
There's a lot of wheat wasted in these combines. You see it coming up all over the ground…
Joe: Um-hm.
Paul: …behind it. And there ain't no need of it. I don't find nothing behind these Pinson boys. They know what they're doing. Yep, but uh…
Joe: Who would watch the separator for you when you were…
Paul: Uh, Tarver always watched the separator. And I always tend to the other end of it. And Jewell Freeland, he went around most of the time helping them grease and get started. David Lee [Thompson], he, well, Bro. [Bruce] Ousley hauled water one year. And David Lee, he used to haul water for the engine. And that was about it. And um…
Using a Tractor — Two Threshing Rigs
Joe: Did y'all ever have a tractor that pulled the separator?
Paul: Yeah, we run two rigs two or three years. We had a tractor rig and a steam rig and run two rigs. And that kept us all busy. That kept us all busy.
I'd taken Mr. Bart Simmons. And that's when that tractor rig… I run that tractor rig for several years. And then, uh, Tarver and the others run the steam rig. I don't know. I forget now who was… I-I forgot all about that now. I don't know who fired the engine back in them days. Preacher Babb was one of them. Was a Black man. He fired it a long time. I don't know. It uh….
You take two rigs, keep things pretty busy.
Joe: I'm sure!
Tarver Durrett
Joe: Was Uncle Tarver a good one to have around on the separator?
Paul: Oh yeah! He was good. I'd always said he had a mechanical ear. He could tell when a belt was slipping. He was just a…he was a good mechanic. You couldn't beat him. He could tell when a belt was slipping by the different sound of the hum of the machine. Well, I could might near do that. But uh, you just got to have your mind on what you're doing. And so….
The Swann Brothers Partnership
Joe: Well, I've got one last question. How did your dad and Uncle Will become partners? What, I mean, you know, did they just work into that from being brothers or what? How did they get into a partnership?
Paul: Well, the start of that, Uncle Jim and Ray [Jim's son] bought a outfit, thresher and engine. And my daddy bought out Uncle Jim. And Ray and my daddy was partners in this outfit. And then Earl Swann [Will's son], he was hauling water for them one year. And uh, Earl bought out Ray. And that left my daddy and Ray…my daddy and Earl. And Uncle Will took it up and tooken it in and that put Father [Caner] and Uncle Will together on the threshing deal. And that's how come that to start. And so, I reckon it done pretty well.
Ray Swann was a good man. He could do anything in the world. He was a good engine man. Run a blacksmith shop. Make anything he wanted to. And he died young. And he didn't die [old?]… He wasn't an old man when he died. I always thought a lot of Ray. He was the oldest boy, oldest one in that Jim Swann family.
And that's the way that happened.
Joe: So, did they, uh, do anything else beside threshing wheat together? Were they…?
Paul: Oh, you mean my daddy and them?
Joe: Yeah.
Paul: They farmed together.
Joe: So they pretty much the whole, everything they did was together.
Paul: Oh, everything was partnership. They bought this farm here partnership. It belonged to Swann Brothers. And so, that's the way that was.
